Ultimate Golang Performance Optimization Guide

Table of Contents

Introduction

We are here with the most awaited patterns for your application to improve Golang Performance. Everyone wants a speedy app (a user wants speedy delivery & A developer wants fast performance), whereas an entrepreneur wants both!

The reasons may be different, but the need for Golang optimization is the same. You have chosen Go for your business application that proves that you are already on the right path. However, you need to improve the speed and performance of your Go application to make it more accessible from the user’s point of view. There will be two primary reasons you want to optimize your Golang application. Either for resource efficiency or for improvising the operation latency.

Your application should be such that it does not require so many resources that it keeps on waiting for the operation. On the other hand, your Golang application is too complicated that to execute one of its tasks, it has to depend on another, and in this manner, it becomes a dead-end loop of dependencies.

Proven and Tested Golang Performance Tips

Resource Efficiency Optimization

Product owner’s Golang performance benchmark can be improved by optimizing resource utilization. Some parts of your program demand more resources than others, and you need to find out such red spots in your application program. It can be CPU, bandwidth, or memory.

Golang Latency Optimization

Here, you have to identify the bottlenecks of your program. The goal is to improve Go performance optimization in a particular function’s latency. The Golang latency is automatically enhanced as you improve your program’s resource efficiency. But, on the contrary, improving latency may, in turn, demand increased consumption of resources. However, you have to be conscious of both- program bottlenecks and hot spots to work on them simultaneously.

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Golang Application Performance Patterns

To improvise the speed of your Golang application, you need to use third-party tools and built-in packages for optimization. Your program compiler can rarely optimize your Go program code on its own. Hence we have collected these best-practice recommendations that set benchmarks in the industry. Each tip would be useful because it depends on your application type and requirement. Depending on your app logic and load, you can choose from these Golang performance patterns.

Use Goroutines Wherever Needed

The feature that makes Golang a valuable programming language is using Goroutines, which also makes it Cost efficient.

However, goroutines do cost a significant memory footprint, which affects your app performance. Generally, Go programmers create infinite goroutines without calculating or knowing when they will exit. Hence, we recommend you to start a goroutine only if you know when it exists.

Parallelize CPU work

Synchronization takes a considerable amount of time, and when you can parallelize your work by utilizing available cores, that will surely optimize the performance of your Go application. This step will speed up your app execution linearly.

Make I/O operations asynchronous

The most common bottleneck is network transactions and files input/output executions. So, to optimize your Golang application performance, you can make independent I/O operations asynchronous. This way, such operations run in parallel and improve your downstream latency. You can use sync.WaitGroup to synchronize multiple I/O operations.

Do not allocate memory in hot spots

Whenever you create new objects, the system consumes memory and CPU cycles, increasing latency. It keeps the garbage collector occupied, which is not a good sign, especially in hot spots. Hence, whenever possible, you should reuse objects and use sync.Pool.

Favor read-only locks

As you imply full-locks to heavy objects that are synchronized, your goroutines have to wait a long time. To avoid such trouble, you should make use of read-only locks.

Minimize or avoid using ‘cgo’

Go programs can call into C libraries using cgo. However, the cgo function has a high overhead. It consumes thread during operation, just like blocking I/O. You should not call a C code in between a tight loop. For the best performance of your Golang application, we suggest not using cgo.

Use buffered I/O

Accessing singular objects costs disk operations, which ruins the program efficiency. Using buffered input/output will considerably improve your app speed because it will have to read and write bigger chunks of data.

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Use Binary over

Text formats Both binary and text formats are valid in PostgreSQL. However, binary is much faster than the text format. While using the binary form, the processing is only required when converting from network byte order. Thus, for the PostgreSQL server, the binary format is more efficient for transmission than the text format.

Prefer StringBuffer or StringBuilder

The system uses the ‘+’ and ‘+=’ operators to allocate a new string on every assignment. To overcome this inefficiency, you should use StringBuffer and StringBuilder for the speedy execution of your program.

Use regular expressions

Some programs might be using the same regular expression several times, and if you compile the regular expression before every use, your app will be inefficient. Thus, for repeated matching, you should use compiled regular expressions.

Preallocate slices

The Go language automatically allocates memory when your demand reaches the current capacity. During re-allocation, the system gives double memory when the array moves to a new location. To avoid this memory wastage and unnecessary garbage collection, you should preallocate the slices whenever possible.

Pass Large Structs by Pointers

In Go language, passing large structs by the pointer is more efficient than passing by value, as it reduces memory usage and improves performance. However, passing small structs by value is still efficient and can be good practice for clarity and readability.

Go for Protocol Buffers and MessagePack

JSON and Gob are somewhat reluctant because they use reflection. Instead, it would be best to use Protocol Buffers and MessagePack because using Protocol Buffers and MessagePack in Go reduces the size of data transmitted over the network, optimizing serialization and deserialization and enabling language-agnostic data exchange in distributed systems which collectively improves performance.

Golang has built-in support for Protocol Buffers and many third-party libraries for working with MessagePack. Using these serialization formats, you can create more efficient and scalable applications that handle large amounts of structured data.

Use int, not string for maps

If your application uses Maps, you should use int keys over a string. Tailor your business needs with the top-notch Golang development company.

Spinning Threads,

The scheduler also contributes to performance with a spinning threads strategy that involves the fair distribution of a number of OS threads across processors. Golang’s runtime reduces the thread migration frequency between processors; also, it is efficient enough to move an OS thread with no work given to the other processor, which balances the CPU usage and power, which further prevents underutilization of resources, delivering resource efficiency and speed.

Key Take Away On Golang Performance Tuning

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Does Golang has a Future in 2024?

Golang is one of the most preferred programming languages in 2024 for back-end development. Golang is better than other programs, more lightweight and faster in comparison to other languages.

Which is the best way to improve Golang App performance?

The best way to improve the performance of your Golang application is to use multiple cores of CPU. Goroutines are the best feature to create concurrency easily in Golang App.

Is Golang good for Startups?

Golang is preferred by every type of business, as Golang is known for its scalability and performance. From startups and mid-level businesses every type of business can choose Golang at a minimal cost. At the same time, large businesses prefer using Golang to handle their big complex projects.

How fast is Golang compared to other programming languages?

Golang is one of the fastest programming languages compared to other languages, providing faster performance and compiling speed.

Why is Golang used in Blockchain?

Golang is a programming language used for building networked and distributed services, which is very helpful in the Blockchain industry. Ethereum is one of the most popular that is built using Golang.